20.109(S19): Data Summary

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20.109(S19): Laboratory Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

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Spring 2019 schedule        FYI        Assignments        Homework        Class data        Communication
       1. Assessing ligand binding        2. Measuring gene expression        3. Engineering biomaterials              


Overview

The culminating assignment for Module 1 will consist of two elements: an abstract that succinctly describes your ligand screening investigation, and a thorough summary of your data in figures and supporting text – including context for understanding the work and insight into the broader implications.

The figure format is similar to that of a scientific journal article, but the traditional Results and Discussion sections found in journal articles are to be condensed into succinct bullet point form accompanying each figure. The purpose of this assignment is to prepare you to write a full journal article at the end of Module 2 by encouraging you to practice writing concisely using bullet points.

The target audience for this report is a scientifically literate reader who is unfamiliar with your specific field. Thus, you can assume rapid comprehension – but not a priori knowledge – of technical information, and consequently should strive to present your work in a logical, step-by-step fashion.

Logistics

You will complete this assignment with your laboratory partner.

As you prepare your assignment be sure to review the resources provided on the Communication tab.

Please submit your completed Data summary draft and revision on Stellar, with filename TeamColor_LabSection_DS.doc (for example, Orange_TR_DS.doc). The file should be submitted as a powerpoint!

Data summary draft is due by Monday, March 11th at 10 pm

Prof. Koehler and Dr. Lyell will comment on your submission and assign it a grade. The BE Communication Instructors, Dr. Sean Clarke and Dr. Prerna Bhargava, will provide feedback about abstract structure and comprehensibility -- they will also assign the grade for the Abstract portion of the assignment. You will receive all comments on Monday, March 18th.

You will then have the opportunity to revise your report for up to a one and one-third letter grade improvement. In other words, a C can be revised up to a B+, a C+ to an A-, a B- to an A, etc.

Data summary revision is due by Monday, March 25th at 10 pm

For your final report, all changes need to be in a different colored font so the improvements you made are clear. You should also include a cover letter with your final draft that explains how you addressed the concerns raised (e.g. "paragraph x was completely rewritten to better explain….” or “Results for the agarose gel analysis were clarified by …."). You will receive additional comments and your final grade on the assignment by Monday, April 2nd.

Formatting and length guidelines

See example of appropriate format here. Create your report as a series of PowerPoint slides. This will allow you to create figures that are representative of those found in the literature (i.e. sized appropriately with sub-panels if necessary).
Format details

  • Layout: Portrait, not landscape.
  • Font: Arial 14pt for text; Arial 12pt for figure captions.
  • Text should be written as bullet points, not full sentences and paragraphs.


Content details

  • First page: Title and Author information (section/color/names)
  • Second page: Abstract
  • Body: 8-12 pages (not including Title and Abstract pages). Recommended section lengths (including both text and figures):
    • Background and Motivation: 2 slides
      • Contents of Background and Motivation: The majority of this section will be bulleted text. Include schematic figures when appropriate.
    • Results and Interpretation: 5-8 slides
      • Contents of a Results and Interpretation slide: Top half: figure(s) with caption(s). Bottom half: bullet points that present and interpret the data. (Remember that captions should not contain interpretation.)
      • Figure presentation: In published research figures are rarely a full page in size; rather each plot is usually only 3 inches x 3 inches.
      • Present you Results and Interpretation such that the figure, caption, and interpretation bullet points all fit on a single slide. Remember that when you shrink a figure, you must make sure it remains legible.
    • Implications and Future Work: 1-2 slides
      • Contents of Implications and Future Work: This section will be bulleted text.

Content considerations

A few prompts to get you started are below, but note that this list is not exhaustive and also that several elements could reasonably be included in more than one section. In addition, these are SUGGESTIONS and are NOT a checklist of what should be in your summary. Think about which elements are most appropriate in answering your research question.

Title and Abstract

Please review the Title and Abstract worksheet and rubric from the BE Communication Lab workshop.

Background and Motivation: potential topics and figures

  • Topic: Introduce and discuss the importance of chemical probes in biology and / or research.
  • Topic: Introduce and discuss the utility of small-molecule microarrays (SMMs).
  • Figure: Simplified schematic of SMM procedure.
  • Topic: Introduce and discuss the role of FKBP12.
  • Topic: Discuss your experimental goal.
  • Schematic: Experimental approach.
    • Be sure your schematic is tailored specifically to this assignment and audience. What steps can be cut or added? How can you highlight the key steps?

Results and Interpretation: potential topics and figures

Figures and topics are listed below according to the three major phases of your experiment. Within each phase, you should look for sub-groupings of interest, rather than treat each piece of data in isolation. In other words, try to both interpret and communicate outcomes holistically.

Keep in mind that you described the detailed methods in a separate homework assignment and it does not need to be included in this report. Therefore, figure captions and/or supporting text should include only the most relevant aspects of the methods, such as the names of the important reagents, experimental techniques, or assays.

Protein purification

  • Schematic: Experimental design.
    • Do not include minor technical details that are not necessary to understand your experimental conditions.
  • Topic: FKBP12 purification.
  • Figure: Image of polyacrylamide gel.
  • Figure: Graph or table displaying cell protein concentration.

Ligand screening

  • Schematic: Workflow for identifying positive hits.
    • Do not include minor technical details that are not necessary to understand the goal of the experiment.
  • Figure: Graph or table comparing average of robust z-scores.
  • Topic: Chemical structure comparison.
  • Figure: Images of positive hits.

Secondary assays

  • Topic: PPIase assay
  • Figure: Graph showing colorimetric data.
  • Figure: Graph or table showing activity calculated from colorimetric data curve(s).
  • Topic: DSF assay with ligand and rapamycin
  • Figure: Graph showing shift data.
  • Figure: Graph or table showing melting points from shift data.
  • Figure: Graph showing apparent dissociation constant of Rapamycin and FKBP12.

Implications and Future Work: potential topics

  • Topic: What is the positive hit rate? Is this consistent with similar research?
  • Topic: Do your hits, or confirmed binders, share any common chemical structures?
    • If no, provide a putative explanation. If yes, how can you further test if this structure is important in binding?
  • Topic: What did the PPiase assay result suggest about the purified FKBP12?
  • Topic: What does your DSF data suggest about ligand binding to FKBP12? How does this binding compare to rapamycin binding?
  • Topic: How can you use your FKBP12 binders to further research focused on this protein?
  • Topic: Are there other assays or experiments that could strengthen the confidence in your results?
  • Topic: How might the approach or methods be improved?
  • Topic: How might your results be used in the clinic? in industry?

References

References are generally used in the Introduction and Discussion sections to support any claims that are not common knowledge. Include only those references that pertain to the question at hand. Journals vary considerably in their preferred format for the reference list. For this class, you should list the references alphabetically by the first author's last name. Include all the authors, the title, the name of the journal in which it was published, the year of publication, the volume number, and page numbers. Please carefully follow the punctuation and format requirements.

Your references should be provided at the end of your Research article in the following format:

Pavletich NP, Pabo CO. Zinc finger-DNA recognition: crystal structure of a Zif268-DNA complex at 2.1 Å. Science 1991; 252:809-817.

In the body of your report, this article would be cited as follows:

"The crystal structure of the Zif268-DNA complex has been solved (Pavletich 1991)."

If two or more articles can be cited for this finding, then they are listed alphabetically, separated by a comma.

See also the MIT libraries information on citing sources, here.